Tolerance of QAC disinfectants studied in L. monocytogenes from meat-and salmon processing Efflux pumps genes qacH found in 22% and bcrABC in 8% of isolates No protective effect of qacH or bcrABC in bactericidal tests with QAC Residues of QAC found on surfaces after sanitation in meat processing plants qacH and bcrABC gave growth advantage at concentrations of QAC present after sanitation.