Dispersion of Fukushima radionuclides in the global atmosphere and the ocean

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• 作者：P.P. Povinec ; M. Gera ; K. Holy ; K. Hirose ; G. Lujanien¨¦ ; M. Nakano ; W. Plastino ; I. Sykora ; J. Bartok ; M. Ga?¨¢k
• 关键词：Fukushima accident ; Radionuclide source terms ; Atmospheric radioactivity ; Marine radioactivity ; Lagrangian atmospheric modeling ; Ocean global circulation model
• 刊名：Applied Radiation and Isotopes
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：November, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：81
• 期：Complete
• 页码：383-392
• 全文大小：6891 K

文摘

Large quantities of radionuclides were released in March-April 2011 during the accident of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant to the atmosphere and the ocean. Atmospheric and marine modeling has been carried out to predict the dispersion of radionuclides worldwide, to compare the predicted and measured radionuclide concentrations, and to assess the impact of the accident on the environment. Atmospheric Lagrangian dispersion modeling was used to simulate the dispersion of ¹³⁷Cs over America and Europe. Global ocean circulation model was applied to predict the dispersion of ¹³⁷Cs in the Pacific Ocean. The measured and simulated ¹³⁷Cs concentrations in atmospheric aerosols and in seawater are compared with global fallout and the Chernobyl accident, which represent the main sources of the pre-Fukushima radionuclide background in the environment. The radionuclide concentrations in the atmosphere have been negligible when compared with the Chernobyl levels. The maximum ¹³⁷Cs concentration in surface waters of the open Pacific Ocean will be around 20 Bq/m³. The plume will reach the US coast 4-5 y after the accident, however, the levels will be below 3 Bq/m³. All the North Pacific Ocean will be labeled with Fukushima ¹³⁷Cs 10 y after the accident with concentration bellow 1 Bq/m³.