The HIV-1 Entry Process: A Stoichiometric View

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• 作者：Oliver F. Brandenberg¹ ; ³ ; Carsten Magnus¹ ; Roland R. Regoes² ; Alexandra Trkola¹ ; ^{trkola.alexandra@virology.uzh.ch" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：HIV-1 entry ; envelope trimer ; stoichiometry ; HIV-1 transmission ; membrane fusion ; antibody neutralization
• 刊名：Trends in Microbiology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：23
• 期：12
• 页码：763-774
• 全文大小：2084 K

文摘

HIV-1 infection starts with fusion of the viral and the host cell membranes, a process mediated by the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer. The number of trimers required to complete membrane fusion, referred to as HIV-1 entry stoichiometry, remains under debate. A precise definition of HIV-1 entry stoichiometry is important as it reflects the efficacy of the viral entry process and steers the infectivity of HIV-1 virion populations. Initial estimates suggested a unanimous entry stoichiometry across HIV-1 strains while recent findings showed that HIV-1 strains can differ in entry stoichiometry. Here, we review current analyses of HIV-1 entry stoichiometry and point out future research directions to further define the interplay between entry stoichiometry, virus entry fitness, transmission, and susceptibility to antibody neutralization.