Single or combination of different cis-acting regulatory elements involved in the transcriptional regulation metabolic genes involved in biosynthesis of prenylflavanoid (PF) and bitter acid (BA) production in Humulus lupulus.
The presence of hormonal and stress responsive cis-acting regulatory elements, indicates their putative role in co-regulation of PF and BA biosynthesis in hop.
The in-depth knowledge of involvement of cis-acting regulatory elements in transcriptional control of PF and BA biosynthesis would assist to improve biological research in hop for pharmacological application.