PdOx species maintain oxidized state and good thermal stability on Pd–Ce interface.
PdOx species migrate from Al2O3-rich grains to ceria-based oxide surface after aging treatment.
Pd/Ce0.67Zr0.33O2–Al2O3 catalyst shows good thermal stability.
Surface reaction of CO, HC and NOx on the catalysts has been studied in detail by in-situ drifts.