Comparative Hemodynamic Effects of Contemporary Percutaneous Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices in a Porcine Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction

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• 作者：Brian R. Weil ; PhD^a ; ^{bweil@buffalo.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Filip Konecny ; DVM ; PhD^b ; Gen Suzuki ; MD ; PhD^c ; Vijay Iyer ; MD ; PhD^c ; John M. Canty Jr. ; MD^a ; ^c ; ^d ; ^e
• 关键词：acute myocardial infarction ; left ventricular assist device ; percutaneous mechanical circulatory support ; ventricular unloading
• 刊名：JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：28 November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：9
• 期：22
• 页码：2292-2303
• 全文大小：2274 K

文摘

The aim of this study was to directly compare the hemodynamic effects of 2 contemporary percutaneous mechanical circulatory support devices in a porcine model of acute myocardial infarction.

Background

Percutaneous support devices offer the ability to unload the ischemic left ventricle, but the comparative hemodynamic effects of contemporary platforms are unclear.

Methods

Yorkshire swine (mean weight 76 ± 2 kg; n = 7) were instrumented with a left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume (PV) catheter and subjected to a 2-h coronary occlusion. Hemodynamic parameters and PV-derived indexes of LV performance were assessed 30 min after reperfusion and during LV support with Impella CP (ICP) and TandemHeart devices (in randomized order) at comparable flow rates.

Results

Myocardial infarction produced a rightward shift of the PV loop and increased LV end-diastolic pressure (from 9 ± 2 mm Hg to 15 ± 2 mm Hg; p = 0.04). After reperfusion, both devices maintained aortic pressure, shifted the PV loop to the left, and decreased LV end-diastolic pressure (ICP vs. TandemHeart; 11 ± 1 mm Hg vs. 7 ± 4 mm Hg; p = 0.04). However, only TandemHeart elicited significant reductions in native LV stroke volume (from 75 ± 7 ml to 39 ± 7 ml; p < 0.01), dP/dt_max (from 988 ± 77 mm Hg/s to 626 ± 42 mm Hg/s; p < 0.01), stroke work (from 0.70 ± 0.03 J to 0.26 ± 0.05 J; p < 0.01), PV area (from 0.95 ± 0.11 J to 0.47 ± 0.10 J; p < 0.01), and pre-load-recruitable stroke work slope (from 41.7 ± 2.8 J/ml to 30.6 ± 3.9 J/ml; p = 0.05).

Conclusions

At comparable device flow rates, TandemHeart decreased LV pre-load, native LV stroke volume, and myocardial contractility to a greater degree than ICP. Reductions in load-independent indexes of LV performance indicate favorable effects on myocardial oxygen balance and support further study of TandemHeart in clinical scenarios requiring mechanical support in the setting of acute myocardial ischemia.