Ubiquitinated proteins were disregulated in neointima of injured carotid arteries.
E1 chemical inhibitors or genetically knockdown attenuated neointima formation in injured rat carotid arteries.
E1 inhibition reduced monocyte/macrophage infiltration and NF κB activation by blocking IκB degradation.
E1 inhibition supressed VSMCs proliferation and chemical inhibitors induced VSMCs apoptosis.