Acute systemic IFN-γ sex-dependently stimulates monoaminergic activity within a number of stressor-sensitive limbic brain regions. IFN-γ interacts synergistically with acute restraint stress to increase plasma corticosterone levels. These effects are largely reminiscent of the neurochemical changes induced by other depression-linked inflammatory cytokines in comparable acute exposure experimental paradigms. The pattern of HPA and brain monoamine variations induced by IFN-γ is consistent with a role in the regulation of emotional and cognitive processes.