Finite element results of the influence of fire temperatures on steel shear endplate connections are investigated. FE models are developed in Abaqus and evaluated against experimental data from the literature at both ambient and elevated temperatures. Important parameters that impact the behavior of shear endplate connection assemblies during a fire are evaluated. A mechanistic model is proposed and is capable of predicting the axial restraint forces in shear endplate connections of typical steel frames at elevated temperatures. Results can help inform future design guidelines to account for the thermal induced forces in shear endplate connections during a fire event.