Determination of cyanide exposure by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of cyanide-exposed plasma proteins

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• 作者：Stephanie L. Youso ; Gary A. Rockwood ; John P. Lee ; Brian A. Logue
• 关键词：Thiocyanate ; Protein adducts ; Biomarker ; Gas chromatography– ; mass spectrometry ; Extraction ; Bioanalysis ; Derivatization
• 刊名：Analytica Chimica Acta
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：10 September 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：677
• 期：1
• 页码：24-28
• 全文大小：181 K

文摘

Exposure to cyanide can occur in a variety of ways, including exposure to smoke from cigarettes or fires, accidental exposure during industrial processes, and exposure from the use of cyanide as a poison or chemical warfare agent. Confirmation of cyanide exposure is difficult because, in vivo, cyanide quickly breaks down by a number of pathways, including the formation of both free and protein-bound thiocyanate. A simple method was developed to confirm cyanide exposure by extraction of protein-bound thiocyanate moieties from cyanide-exposed plasma proteins. Thiocyanate was successfully extracted and subsequently derivatized with pentafluorobenzyl bromide for GC–MS analysis. Thiocyanate levels as low as 2.5 ng mL⁻¹ and cyanide exposure levels as low as 175 μg kg⁻¹ were detected. Samples analyzed from smokers and non-smokers using this method showed significantly different levels of protein-bound thiocyanate (p < 0.01). These results demonstrate the potential of this method to positively confirm chronic cyanide exposure through the analysis of protein-bound cyanide in human plasma.