Who detects melanoma? Impact of detection patterns on characteristics and prognosis of patients with melanoma

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• 作者：José ; Antonio Avilé ; s-Izquierdo ; PhD^a ; ^{jaavilesizquierdo@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Irene Molina-Ló ; pez ; MD^a ; Enrique Rodrí ; guez-Lomba ; MD^a ; Ivan Marquez-Rodas ; PhD^b ; Ricardo Suarez-Fernandez ; PhD^a ; Pablo Lazaro-Ochaita ; PhD^a
• 关键词：cutaneous melanoma ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; gender ; pattern detection ; prognosis ; skin cancer ; tumor thickness
• 刊名：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：75
• 期：5
• 页码：967-974
• 全文大小：178 K

文摘

Despite the importance of early diagnosis, patients with cutaneous melanoma often seek consultation at advanced stages of the disease. The impact on prognosis according to who first detects the primary tumor has not been established.

Objective

This study aims to determine who first detects melanoma, the reasons that patients with melanoma consult a doctor, and the impact of detection patterns on the characteristics and prognosis of melanoma.

Methods

Seven hundred eighty-three patients with cutaneous melanoma who were diagnosed between 1996 and 2012 were included. Associations between who first noticed the melanoma (ie, self-detected, relatives, health care workers, or dermatologists), epidemiology, clinical presentation, histology, and patient outcomes were analyzed.

Results

Most melanomas were self-detected (53%). Among these patients, 32% consulted because of bleeding, itching/pain, or nodule enlargement. There were more melanomas self-detected among women than among men, and these had a better prognosis. Men had significantly more melanomas on non–easily visible locations than women did. Among melanomas noticed by dermatologists, 80% were incidental findings. Self-detected melanomas were thicker and more frequently ulcerated, developed metastases more often, and were associated with more melanoma-related deaths.

Conclusions

Patients with melanomas detected by dermatologists had better prognoses than patients with self-detected melanomas. Patients with melanomas that were self-detected by women had better prognoses than those that were self-detected by men, especially for patients >70 years of age. This group might therefore be a logical target for melanoma detection education.