Evaluation of a Theory-Based Intervention Aimed at Improving Coaches’ Recommendations on Sports Nutrition to Their Athletes

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• 作者：Raphaë ; lle Jacob ; MSc ; RD^&lowast ; Author Vitae ; Benoî ; t Lamarche ; PhDAuthor Vitae ; Vé ; ronique Provencher ; PhD ; RD^&lowast ; Author Vitae ; Catherine Laramé ; e ; MSc ; RD^&lowast ; Author Vitae ; Pierre Valois ; PhDAuthor Vitae ; Claude Goulet ; PhDAuthor Vitae ; Vicky Drapeau ; PhD ; RD ; ^&lowast ; ; ^{vicky.drapeau@fse.ulaval.ca" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}Author Vitae
• 关键词：Sports nutrition ; Coaches ; Theory-based intervention ; Knowledge ; Health promotion
• 刊名：Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：August 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：116
• 期：8
• 页码：1308-1315
• 全文大小：272 K

文摘

Coaches are a major source of nutrition information and influence for young athletes. Yet, most coaches do not have training in nutrition to properly guide their athletes.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at improving the accuracy of coaches’ recommendations on sports nutrition.

Design

This was a quasi-experimental study with a comparison group and an intervention group. Measurements were made at baseline, post-intervention, and after a 2-month follow-up period. Coaches’ recommendations on sports nutrition during the follow-up period were recorded in a diary.

Participants/setting

High school coaches from various sports (n=41) were randomly assigned to a comparison group or an intervention group.

Intervention

Both groups attended two 90-minute sessions of a theory-based intervention targeting determinants of coaches’ intention to provide recommendations on sports nutrition. The intervention group further received an algorithm that summarizes sports nutrition guidelines to help promote decision making on sports nutrition recommendations.

Main outcome measures

Nutrition knowledge and accuracy of coaches’ recommendations on sports nutrition.

Statistical analysis performed

χ² analyses and t-tests were used to compare baseline characteristics; mixed and general linear model analyses were used to assess the change in response to the intervention and differences in behaviors, respectively.

Results

Coaches in the intervention vs comparison group provided more nutrition recommendations during the 2-month post-intervention period (mean number of recommendations per coach 25.7±22.0 vs 9.4±6.5, respectively; P=0.004) and recommendations had a greater accuracy (mean number of accurate recommendations per coach 22.4±19.9 [87.1%] vs 4.3±3.2 [46.1%], respectively; P<0.001). Knowledge was significantly increased post-intervention in both groups, but was maintained only in the intervention group during the 2-month follow-up (P_group*time=0.04).

Conclusions

A theory-based intervention combined with a decision-making algorithm maintained coaches’ sports nutrition knowledge level over time and helped them to provide more accurate recommendations on sports nutrition.