Sustained Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccines in Children

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• 作者：Lilly Cheng Immergluck ; MD ; MS¹ ; ² ; ³ ; ^{limmergluck@msm.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Trisha Chan Parker ; MPH¹ ; ² ; Shabnam Jain ; MD ; MPH³ ; ⁴ ; Elham Laghaie ; MS¹ ; ² ; Philip Spandorfer ; MD⁵ ; Robert C. Jerris ; PhD³ ; ⁶ ; Michael D. Bowen ; PhD⁷ ; Umesh D. Parashar ; MBBS ; MPH⁷ ; Margaret M. Cortese ; MD⁷
• 关键词：ACIP ; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices ; CDC ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ; ED ; Emergency department ; IIS ; Immunization information system ; RV ; Rotavirus vaccine ; RV1 ; Monovalent rotavirus vaccine ; RV5 ; Pentavalent rotavirus vaccine ; VE ; Vaccine effectiveness
• 刊名：The Journal of Pediatrics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：172
• 期：Complete
• 页码：116-120.e1
• 全文大小：203 K

文摘

Using case-control methodology, we measured the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the 2-dose monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) and 3-dose pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) series given in infancy against rotavirus disease resulting in hospital emergency department or inpatient care.

Study design

Children were eligible for enrollment if they presented to any 1 of 3 hospitals in Atlanta, Georgia with diarrhea ≤10 days duration during January-June 2013 and were born after RV1 introduction. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay and immunization records were obtained from providers and the state electronic immunization information system. Case-subjects (children testing rotavirus antigen-positive) were compared with children testing rotavirus antigen-negative.

Results

Overall, 98 rotavirus-case subjects and 175 rotavirus-negative controls were enrolled. Genotype G12P[8] predominated (n = 87, 89%). The VE of 2 RV1 doses was 84% (95% CI 38, 96) among children aged 8-23 months and 82% (95% CI 41, 95) among children aged ≥24 months. For the same age groups, the VE of 3 RV5 doses was 80% (95% CI 27, 95) and 87% (95% CI 22, 98), respectively.

Conclusions

Under routine use, the RV1 and RV5 series were both effective against moderate-to-severe rotavirus disease during a G12P[8] season, and both vaccines demonstrated sustained protection beyond the first 2 years of life.