The Dutch road to a high level of cycling safety

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• 作者：P. Schepers^a ; ^b ; ^{paul.schepers@rws.nl" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; D. Twisk^c ; E. Fishman^b ; A. Fyhri^d ; A. Jensen^e
• 关键词：Bicycle ; Road safety ; Cycling safety ; Infrastructure ; Safety in numbers ; Conceptual model ; Road hierarchy
• 刊名：Safety Science
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：92
• 期：Complete
• 页码：264-273
• 全文大小：1693 K

文摘

Many governments attempt to improve cycling safety to reduce the number of bicycle crashes and encourage cycling. The Netherlands is a world leader in bicycle use and safety. This paper explores how the Netherlands achieved an 80% reduction in the number of cyclists killed (predominantly bicycle–motor vehicle crashes) per billion bicycle kilometres over a thirty year period. Factors found to contribute to this improvement include the establishment of a road hierarchy with large traffic-calmed areas where through traffic is kept out. A heavily used freeway network shifts motor vehicles from streets with high cycling levels. This reduces exposure to high-speed motor vehicles. Separated bicycle paths and intersection treatments decrease the likelihood of bicycle–motor vehicle crashes. The high amount of bicycle use increases safety as a higher bicycle modal share corresponds with a lower share of driving and greater awareness of cyclists among drivers. Low cycling speed was also found to contribute to the high level of cycling safety in the Netherlands.