Pulp and paper solid waste (PPSW) was used as a fermentation substrate.
The fungus Rhizopus oryzae 1526 produced fumaric acid from PPSW through fermentation.
Mechanical pretreatment of PPSW resulted in enhanced fumaric acid production.
Fermentation with PPSW hydrolysates confirmed xylose utilization by R. oryzae 1526.
Scanning electron microscopic study confirmed growth of R. oryzae 1526 inside PPSW.