Blockage of autophagy increases lung cancer chemosensitivity to carboplatin. Autophagy inhibition triggers upregulation of Foxp3+ and CD4+ TILs. Targeting of autophagy elucidates immune T cell infiltration. Autophagic inhibition promotes reduction in the expression of drug resistance genes. MiR-155 functions as a novel immune system activator by promoting TILs infiltration.