We explore Earth's co-orbital resonance as a potential source of the Moon-forming impactor.
Mars-mass co-orbital companions of Earth at 1 AU can persist for up to 250 Million years.
Escaping companions can impact Earth, with an average impact time of 101 Million years.
Several models resulted in formation of a super-Earth, with at least Earth and Venus colliding.
Configurations that remained stable included unusual hierarchical coorbital systems.