Mucocutaneous manifestations of helminth infections: Nematodes

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• 作者：Omar Lupi ; MD ; PhD^a ; Christopher Downing ; MD^j ; ^{Christopher.P.Downing@uth.tmc.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Michael Lee ; MD^m ; Livia Pino ; MD^a ; Francisco Bravo ; MD^c ; ^d ; Patricia Giglio ; MD^d ; Aisha Sethi ; MD^e ; Sidney Klaus ; MD^f ; Omar P. Sangueza ; MD^g ; ^h ; Claire Fuller ; MDⁱ ; Natalia Mendoza ; MD^j ; Barry Ladizinski ; MD^k ; Laila Woc-Colburn ; MD^l ; Stephen K. Tyring ; MD ; PhD^b ; ^j
• 关键词：helminth ; nematodes ; parasite ; travel ; tropical
• 刊名：Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：73
• 期：6
• 页码：929-944
• 全文大小：4028 K

文摘

In the 21st century, despite increased globalization through international travel for business, medical volunteerism, pleasure, and immigration/refugees into the United States, there is little published in the dermatology literature regarding the cutaneous manifestations of helminth infections. Approximately 17% of travelers seek medical care because of cutaneous disorders, many related to infectious etiologies. This review will focus on the cutaneous manifestations of helminth infections and is divided into 2 parts: part I focuses on nematode infections, and part II focuses on trematode and cestode infections. This review highlights the clinical manifestations, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of helminth infections. Nematodes are roundworms that cause diseases with cutaneous manifestations, such as cutaneous larval migrans, onchocerciasis, filariasis, gnathostomiasis, loiasis, dracunculiasis, strongyloidiasis, ascariasis, streptocerciasis, dirofilariasis, and trichinosis. Tremadotes, also known as flukes, cause schistosomiasis, paragonimiasis, and fascioliasis. Cestodes (tapeworms) are flat, hermaphroditic parasites that cause diseases such as sparganosis, cysticercosis, and echinococcus.