A sensitive ECL approach based on a closed ITO bipolar electrode for PSA detection in human serum was provided.
A dual-amplification strategy on both poles of closed bipolar electrodes was proposed.
Th@SiO2 NPs were introduced as both recognition probes for PSA and signal amplification indicators.
The approach could detect PSA in a wide range from 0.1 pg/mL to 0.1 μg/mL.