A randomized clinical trial of a brief motivational intervention for alcohol-positive adolescents treated in an emergency department

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• 作者：Anthony Spirito ; Peter M. Monti ; Nancy P. Barnett ; Suzanne M. Colby ; Holly Sindelar ; Damaris J. Rohsenow ; William Lew ; er ; Mark Myers
• 刊名：The Journal of Pediatrics
• 出版年：2004
• 出版时间：September 2004
• 年：2004
• 卷：145
• 期：3
• 页码：396-402
• 全文大小：270 K

文摘

To characterize clinical features, associated problems, and outcomes for children with complex motor stereotypies who do not have mental retardation or pervasive developmental disorders.

Study design

We performed a record review for 40 children (63 % male) aged 9 months to 17 years with complex motor stereotypies between 1993 and 2003.

Results

Age at onset was at or before 3 years in 90 % of the sample. Symptoms occurred at least once daily in 90 % . Excitement was identified as a trigger in 70 % . Movements stopped when cued in 98 % , and none had stereotypies during sleep. A total of 25 % had comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and 20 % had a learning disability. Family history of stereotypies was identified in 25 % , tics in 33 % , ADHD in 10 % , and mood-anxiety disorder in 38 % . Pharmacotherapy to target associated conditions was used in 40 % , and behavioral therapy was used in 23 % . A total of 53 % identified symptoms for more than 5 years. Movements resolved in 5 % of the children, improved in 33 % , were unchanged in 50 % , and worsened in 13 % .

Conclusions

The clinical course of complex motor stereotypies appears chronic. Better understanding of the clinical features of complex stereotypies in primary care settings is essential for early diagnosis and management.