Struvite granulation is governed by saturation index (SI) and upflow velocity (vup).
Decreasing SI or vup will reduce fines entrainment and improve phosphorus recovery.
SI is more crucial to size distribution, crushing strength and morphology than vup.
The purity of the products can be enhanced via harvesting larger struvite pellets.
Phosphorus recovery and pellet quality can be both improved by SI and vup control.