Variation in the ginsenoside profiles of cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) landraces in Korea

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• 作者：Min-Jeong Lee ; Jong-Soon Choi ; Sun-Woo Cha ; Kwang-Sik Lee ; Zee-Won Lee ; Geum-Sook Hwang ; Seung Ho Lee ; Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal ; Young-Ae Jung ; Nak-Sul Seung ; Sun-Hee Woo
• 关键词：Panax ginseng ; Ginsenosides ; Chromatographic pattern ; Pattern indicators ; Ra₁/Ra₂ isomer
• 刊名：Process Biochemistry
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：January 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：46
• 期：1
• 页码：258-264
• 全文大小：528 K

文摘

Heterogeneity of ginsenosides is a remarkable and significant issue because those structure-similar secondary metabolites have different or even totally opposite pharmacological activities. This study describes ginsenoside profile variations in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer cultivated in Korea using an HPLC-UV coupled to ESI-MS for characterization and quantification of ginsenosides contained in the root of ginseng. The [M-H]⁻ ion was observed for ginsenoside standards (Rg₁, Re, Rf, Rh₁, Rg₂, Rb₁, Rc, Rb₂, Rb₃, Rd, Rg₃ and Rh₂) and 190 different ginseng extracts. The individual variations in the P. ginseng population were classified into three types, based on the expression pattern of six core ginsenosides containing Ra₁/Ra₂ and malonyl-Ra₁/Ra₂ isomers. The variations in the six core ginsenosides, which are defined as pattern indicators, play a key role in discriminating between three subtypes of standard P. ginseng species. In addition, cross-correlation analysis of the identified ginsenosides indicates that the specific ginsenosides, including pattern-indicating components, are in part possibly synthesized via common ginsenoside biosynthesis pathways. Taken together, these findings provide a basis for identifying standard P. ginseng landraces.