A model of internal irradiance was developed and validated in N–S and E–W hedgerows.
The model well explained yield components in response to irradiance within various row orientations and spacings.
Fruit size and oil concentration were linearly related to irradiance during DOY 150–180 and 180–210.
Fruit density increased linearly up to 40% of horizontally incident irradiance.
Mean annual radiation-use efficiency for oil production was 0.027 g oil/mol PAR.