The carbon footprint of an industrial pale lager packed in different formats was estimated.
It was 74 or 25 kg of CO2e per hL of beer packed in 33-cL glass bottles or 30-L steel kegs.
For 33-cL bottles and cans, the impact of packaging materials about doubled that of beer production.
Glass bottle production and agriculture were identified as the main hot spots in beer life cycle.
The use of transparent data makes such estimates easily revisable as better quality data are available.