-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) type of glutamate receptors in the propagation of information in visual cortex, optical imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution of neuronal activity was used in cortical slices of rats. Single-shock stimulation of the white matter elicited a vertical propagation of excitation toward the cortical surface simultaneously with a horizontal spread of excitation in lower layers. The horizontal spread in upper layers occurred subsequent to the vertical spread reaching these layers. The results from perfusion of Ca
-free medium and application of an antagonist of non-NMDA receptors indicated that this intracortical propagation of signals is due mostly, if not exclusively, to the postsynaptic excitation of cortical neurons. Blockade of NMDA receptors attenuated the rising and peak phases of the upper horizontal spread, but did not affect those of the lower horizontal or vertical propagation of excitation. Perfusion with Mg
-free solution enhanced the upper horizontal spread, but in most cases did not significantly change the spread of excitation in the other pathways. These results indicate that NMDA receptors are involved in the flow of information in the upper layers of visual cortex, and further suggest that this propagation of activity is mediated mainly by horizontal connections intrinsic to the upper layers.
Cited by: | - Babu, K.S.; Leung, C.N.,""Classification of effective neutrino mass operators""Nuclear Physics B2001pp. 667-689
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Nakamura, K.,""Results from Super-Kamiokande and status of K2K""Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment2001pp. 329-342
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Abbiendi, G.; Ainsley, C.; Akesson, P.F.; Alexander, G.; Allison, J.; Anagnostou, G.; Anderson, K.J.; Arcelli, S.; Asai, S.; Axen, D.; Azuelos, G.; Bailey, I.; Barberio, E.; Barlow, R.J.; Batley, R.J.; Behnke, T.; Bell, K.W.; Bell, P.J.; Bella, G.; Bellerive, A.; Bethke, S.; Biebel, O.; Bloodworth, I.J.; Boeriu, O.; Bock, P.; Bohme, J.; Bonacorsi, D.; Boutemeur, M.; Braibant, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Brown, R.M.; Burckhart, H.J.; Cammin, J.; Carnegie, R.K.; Caron, B.; Carter, A.A.; Carter, J.R.; Chang, C.Y.; Charlton, D.G.; Clarke, P.E.L.; Clay, E.; Cohen, I.; Couchman, J.; Csilling, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Dado, S.; Dallavalle, G.M.; Dallison, S.; De Roeck, A.; De Wolf, E.A.; Dervan, P.; Desch, K.; Dienes, B.; Dixit, M.S.; Donkers, M.; Dubbert, J.; Duchovni, E.; Duckeck, G.; Duerdoth, I.P.; Etzion, E.; Fabbri, F.; Feld, L.; Ferrari, P.; Fiedler, F.; Fleck, I.; Ford, M.; Frey, A.; Furtjes, A.; Futyan, D.I.; Gagnon, P.; Gary, J.W.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, C.; Giacomelli, G.; Giacomelli, P.; Glenzinski, D.; Goldberg, J.; Graham, K.; Gross, E.; Grunhaus, J.; Gruwe, M.; Gunther, P.O.; Gupta, A.; Hajdu, C.; Hamann, M.; Hanson, G.G.; Harder, K.; Harel, A.; Harin-Dirac, M.; Hauschild, M.; Hauschildt, J.; Hawkes, C.M.; Hawkings, R.; Hemingway, R.J.; Hensel, C.; Herten, G.; Heuer, R.D.; Hill, J.C.; Hoffman, K.; Homer, R.J.; Horvath, D.; Hossain, K.R.; Howard, R.; Huntemeyer, P.; Igo-Kemenes, P.; Ishii, K.; Jawahery, A.; Jeremie, H.; Jones, C.R.; Jovanovic, P.; Junk, T.R.; Kanaya, N.; Kanzaki, J.; Karapetian, G.; Karlen, D.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Kawagoe, K.; Kawamoto, T.; Keeler, R.K.; Kellogg, R.G.; Kennedy, B.W.; Kim, D.H.; Klein, K.; Klier, A.; Kluth, S.; Kobayashi, T.; Kobel, M.; Kokott, T.P.; Komamiya, S.; Kowalewski, R.V.; Kramer, T.; Kress, T.; Krieger, P.; von Krogh, J.; Krop, D.; Kuhl, T.; Kupper, M.; Kyberd, P.; Lafferty, G.D.; Landsman, H.; Lanske, D.; Lawson, I.; Layter, J.G.; Leins, A.; Lellouch, D.; Letts, J.; Levinson, L.; Lillich, J.; Littlewood, C.; Lloyd, S.L.; Loebinger, F.K.; Long, G.D.; Losty, M.J.; Lu, J.; Ludwig, J.; Macchiolo, A.; Macpherson, A.; Mader, W.; Marcellini, S.; Marchant, T.E.; Martin, A.J.; Martin, J.P.; Martinez, G.; Masetti, G.; Mashimo, T.; Mattig, P.; McDonald, W.J.; McKenna, J.; McMahon, T.J.; McPherson, R.A.; Meijers, F.; Mendez-Lorenzo, P.; Menges, W.; Merritt, F.S.; Mes, H.; Michelini, A.; Mihara, S.; Mikenberg, G.; Miller, D.J.; Moed, S.; Mohr, W.; Mori, T.; Mutter, A.; Nagai, K.; Nakamura, I.; Neal, H.A.; Nisius, R.; O'Neale, S.W.; Oh, A.; Okpara, A.; Oreglia, M.J.; Orito, S.; Pahl, C.; Pasztor, G.; Pater, J.R.; Patrick, G.N.; Pilcher, J.E.; Pinfold, J.; Plane, D.E.; Poli, B.; Polok, J.; Pooth, O.; Quadt, A.; Rabbertz, K.; Rembser, C.; Renkel, P.; Rick, H.; Rodning, N.; Roney, J.M.; Rosati, S.; Roscoe, K.; Rozen, Y.; Runge, K.; Rust, D.R.; Sachs, K.; Saeki, T.; Sahr, O.; Sarkisyan, E.K.G.; Sbarra, C.; Schaile, A.D.; Schaile, O.; Scharff-Hansen, P.; Schroder, M.; Schumacher, M.; Schwick, C.; Scott, W.G.; Seuster, R.; Shears, T.G.; Shen, B.C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C.H.; Sherwood, P.; Skuja, A.; Smith, A.M.; Snow, G.A.; Sobie, R.; Soldner-Rembold, S.; Spagnolo, S.; Spano, F.; Sproston, M.; Stahl, A.; Stephens, K.; Strom, D.; Strohmer, R.; Stumpf, L.; Surrow, B.; Tarem, S.; Tasevsky, M.; Taylor, R.J.; Teuscher, R.; Thomas, J.; Thomson, M.A.; Torrence, E.; Toya, D.; Trefzger, T.; Tricoli, A.; Trigger, I.; Trocsanyi, Z.; Tsur, E.; Turner-Watson, M.F.; Ueda, I.; Ujvari, B.; Vachon, B.; Vollmer, C.F.; Vannerem, P.; Verzocchi, M.; Voss, H.; Vossebeld, J.; Waller, D.; Ward, C.P.; Ward, D.R.; Watkins, P.M.; Watson, A.T.; Watson, N.K.; Wells, P.S.; Wengler, T.; Wermes, N.; Wetterling, D.; Wilson, G.W.; Wilson, J.A.; Wyatt, T.R.; Yamashita, S.; Zacek, V.; Zer-Zion, D.,""Search for lepton flavour violation in e+e- collisions at s=189-209 GeV""Physics Letters B2001pp. 23-32
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Blazek, T.; King, S.F.,""Muon anomalous magnetic moment and tmg in a realistic string-inspired model of neutrino masses""Physics Letters B2001pp. 109-116
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Ma, Ernest,""Making neutrinos massive with an axion in supersymmetry""Physics Letters B2001pp. 330-334
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Carvalho, D.F.; Ellis, John; Gomez, M.E.; Lola, S.,""Charged-lepton-flavour violation in the CMSSM in view of the muon anomalous magnetic moment""Physics Letters B2001pp. 323-332
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Ahn, S.H.; An, S.; Aoki, S.; Berns, H.G.; Bhang, H.C.; Boyd, S.; Casper, D.; Chikamatsu, T.; Choi, J.H.; Echigo, S.; Etoh, M.; Fujii, K.; Fukuda, S.; Fukuda, Y.; Gajewski, W.; Golebiewska, U.; Hara, T.; Hasegawa, T.; Hayato, Y.; Hill, J.; Hong, S.J.; Ieiri, M.; Inada, T.; Inagaki, T.; Ishida, T.; Ishii, H.; Ishii, T.; Ishino, H.; Ishitsuka, M.; Itow, Y.; Iwashita, T.; Jang, H.I.; Jang, J.S.; Jeon, E.J.; Jeong, E.M.; Jung, C.K.; Kadowaki, T.; Kajita, T.; Kameda, J.; Kaneyuki, K.; Kato, I.; Kato, Y.; Kearns, E.; Kenmochi, S.; Khang, B.H.; Kibayashi, A.; Kielczewska, D.; Kim, B.J.; Kim, C.O.; Kim, H.I.; Kim, J.H.; Kim, J.Y.; Kim, S.B.; Kishi, S.; Kitamura, M.; Kobayashi, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohama, M.; Koo, D.G.; Koshio, Y.; Kropp, W.; Kume, G.; Kusano, E.; Learned, J.G.; Lee, H.K.; Lee, J.W.; Lee, S.B.; Lim, I.T.; Lim, S.H.; Maesaka, H.; Martens, K.; Maruyama, T.; Matsuno, S.; Mauger, C.; McGrew, C.; Minakawa, M.; Mine, S.; Miura, M.; Miyamoto, S.; Miyano, K.; Moriyama, S.; Mukai, S.; Nakahata, M.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, M.; Nakano, I.; Nakaya, T.; Nakayama, S.; Nakayoshi, K.; Nishijima, K.; Nishikawa, K.; Nishiyama, S.; Noda, S.; Noumi, H.; Obayashi, Y.; Oh, J.K.; Okada, A.; Onchi, M.; Otaki, T.; Oyama, Y.; Pac, M.Y.; Park, H.; Park, S.H.; Park, S.K.; Sakai, A.; Sakuda, M.; Sakurai, N.; Sasao, N.; Sato, K.; Scholberg, K.; Seo, E.; Sharkey, E.; Shiino, K.; Shima, A.; Shiozawa, M.; So, H.; Sobel, H.; Stachyra, A.; Stone, J.L.; Sulak, L.R.; Suzuki, A.; Suzuki, Y.; Suzuki, Y.; Takasaki, M.; Takatsuki, M.; Takenaka, K.; Takeuchi, H.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tamura, N.; Tanaka, K.H.; Tanaka, Y.; Tashiro, K.; Tauchi, K.; Toshito, T.; Totsuka, Y.; Tumakov, V.; Umeda, T.; Vagins, M.; Walter, C.W.; Wilkes, R.J.; Yamada, S.; Yamaguchi, T.; Yamanoi, Y.; Yanagisawa, C.; Yokoyama, H.; Yokoyama, H.; Yoo, J.; Yoshida, M.; You, S.Y.,""Detection of accelerator-produced neutrinos at a distance of 250 km""Physics Letters B2001pp. 178-184
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.,""Measurement of CP violation at a neutrino factory""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 304-311
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Kajita, Takaaki,""Study of neutrino oscillations with the atmospheric neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 107-112
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Catanesi, M.G.,""HARP: a hadron production experiment for the neutrino factory and for the atmospheric neutrino flux""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 130-132
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Kajita, Takaaki,""Future atmospheric neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 139-141
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Lola, Smaragda,""Quantum corrections of neutrino masses and mixings""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 279-281
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Bibliographic PageFull Text - Faessler, A.; Simkovic, F.,""Nuclear structure and the double beta decay""Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics2001pp. 233-251
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.,""Measurement of CP violation at a neutrino factory""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 304-311
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Fishbane, Paul M.; Kaus, Peter,""Neutrino propagation in matter and a CP-violating phase""Physics Letters B2001pp. 275-282
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Hambye, Thomas; Ma, Ernest; Sarkar, Utpal,""Supersymmetric triplet Higgs model of neutrino masses and leptogenesis""Nuclear Physics B2001pp. 23-38
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Boyd, S.,""Recent results from the K2K (KEK-to-Kamioka) neutrino oscillation experiment""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 175-181
Bibliographic PageFull Text - LoSecco, J.M.,""(Mis)Understanding the atmospheric neutrino anomaly""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 182-188
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Kim, Jai Sam; Lee, Kyungsoo,""The earth regeneration effect of solar neutrinos: a numerical treatment with three active neutrino flavors2""Computer Physics Communications2001pp. 176-189
Bibliographic PageFull Text - King, S.F.,""Neutrino masses in SUSY models""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2001pp. 261-267
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Tanimoto, Morimitsu,""Large mixing angle MSW solution in U(1) flavor symmetry""Physics Letters B2001pp. 231-236
Bibliographic PageFull Text - de Gouvea, Andre; Valle, Jose W.F.,""Minimalistic neutrino mass model""Physics Letters B2001pp. 115-127
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Barger, V.; Marfatia, Danny; Wood, Benjamin P.,""Resolving the solar neutrino problem with KamLAND""Physics Letters B2001pp. 53-61
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Miura, M.,""Results from Super-Kamiokande and K2K""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 158-162
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Molzon, W.,""The MECO experiment to search for m-N e- N with 10-17 sensitivity""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 188-193
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Itow, Yoshitaka,""Study of neutrino interaction in the K2K and the JHF-Kamioka long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 3-8
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Obayashi, Yoshihisa,""Neutrino and anti-neutrino cross sections and CP phase measurement""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 18-23
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Ishida, T.,""Charged-current inclusive distributions from K2K near detectors""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 132-139
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Mauger, C.,""Neutral current p0 production in K2K and Super-Kamiokande""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 146-153
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Itow, Yoshitaka,""Study of neutrino interaction in the K2K and the JHF-Kamioka long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 3-8
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Obayashi, Yoshihisa,""Neutrino and anti-neutrino cross sections and CP phase measurement""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 18-23
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Ishida, T.,""Charged-current inclusive distributions from K2K near detectors""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 132-139
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Mauger, C.,""Neutral current p0 production in K2K and Super-Kamiokande""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 146-153
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Miura, M.,""Results from Super-Kamiokande and K2K""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 158-162
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Molzon, W.,""The MECO experiment to search for m-N e- N with 10-17 sensitivity""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 188-193
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Appelquist, Thomas; Shrock, Robert,""Neutrino masses in theories with dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking""Physics Letters B2002pp. 204-214
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Bibliographic PageFull Text - Godfrey, Stephen; Kalyniak, Pat; Romanenko, Nikolai,""Discovery potential for doubly charged Higgs bosons in e+e- collisions at LEP""Physics Letters B2002pp. 361-366
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Hasegawa, Takuya,""Accelerator neutrino experiment""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 226-232
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Dydak, F.,""Neutrino factories""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 297-307
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Gupta, Nayantara,""The appearance of tau neutrinos from a Gamma Ray Burst""Physics Letters B2002pp. 16-21
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Frank, M.,""Neutrino masses in the left-right supersymmetric model""Physics Letters B2002pp. 269-277
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Hasegawa, Takuya,""Accelerator neutrino experiment""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 226-232
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Dydak, F.,""Neutrino factories""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2002pp. 297-307
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Fujii, Masaaki; Hamaguchi, K.; Yanagida, T.,""Predictions on the neutrinoless double beta decay from the leptogenesis via the LHu flat direction""Physics Letters B2002pp. 107-114
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Vergados, J.D.,""The neutrinoless double beta decay from a modern perspective""Physics Reports2002pp. 1-56
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Bibliographic PageFull Text - Branco, G.C.; Silva-Marcos, J.I.,""The symmetry behind extended flavour democracy and large leptonic mixing""Physics Letters B2002pp. 104-110
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Forty, Roger,""Physics with RICH detectors""Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment2003pp. 275-284
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Nappi, E.,""Trends in the development of large area photon detectors for Cherenkov light imaging applications""Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment2003pp. 70-87
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Maruyama, Takasumi,""Status of K2K experiment""Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment2003pp. 118-121
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Lipmanov, E.M.,""Quasi-degenerate neutrino masses in terms of mass-squared differences""Physics Letters B2003pp. 268-272
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Elberger, Andrea J.; Deng, Jinbo,""Corpus callosum and visual cortex of mice with deletion of the NMDA-NR1 receptor: I. Accelerated development of callosal projection neurons""Developmental Brain Research2003pp. 121-133
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Barenboim, Gabriela; Lykken, Joseph,""A model of CPT violation for neutrinos""Physics Letters B2003pp. 73-80
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Itow, Yoshitaka,""JHF-Kamioka neutrino oscillation experiment""Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements2003pp. 29-32
Bibliographic PageFull Text - King, S.F.; Peddie, I.N.R.,""Lepton flavour violation from Yukawa operators, supergravity and the see-saw mechanism""Nuclear Physics B2004pp. 339-362
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Ambrosio, M.; Bari, G.; Bencivenni, G.; Candela, A.; Chiarini, A.; Chignoli, F.; Deo, M. De; D'Incecco, M.; Gerli, S.; Giusti, P.; Gomez, F.; Gustavino, C.; Lindozzi, M.; Mannocchi, G.; Menghetti, H.; Morello, C.; Murtas, F.; Paoluzzi, G.; Pilastrini, R.; Redaelli, N.; Santoni, M.; Sartorelli, G.; Terranova, F.; Trinchero, G.,""The MONOLITH prototype""Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment2000pp. 67-72
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Foot, R.,""Is the nmns oscillation solution to the atmospheric neutrino anomaly excluded by the superKamiokande data?""Physics Letters B2000pp. 169-174
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Ma, Ernest; Rajasekaran, G.; Sarkar, Utpal,""Light sterile neutrinos from large extra dimensions""Physics Letters B2000pp. 363-368
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Sato, J.; Yanagida, T.,""Low-energy predictions of lopsided family charges""Physics Letters B2000pp. 356-365
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Abada, A.; Losada, M.,""Constraints on both bilinear and trilinear R-parity violating couplings from neutrino laboratories and astrophysics data""Physics Letters B2000pp. 310-320
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