The spin structure function of the proton and a test of the Bjorken sum rule
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New results for the double spin asymmetry View the MathML source and the proton longitudinal spin structure function 4781a19460dc8a7b131b0c30a63a2c">View the MathML source are presented. They were obtained by the COMPASS Collaboration using polarised 200 GeV muons scattered off a longitudinally polarised NH3 target. The data were collected in 2011 and complement those recorded in 2007 at 160 GeV, in particular at lower values of x  . They improve the statistical precision of bde7cc446aaa4641b8338bd6">View the MathML source by about a factor of two in the region x≲0.02. A next-to-leading order QCD fit to the g1 world data is performed. It leads to a new determination of the quark spin contribution to the nucleon spin, ΔΣ, ranging from 0.26 to 0.36, and to a re-evaluation of the first moment of 4781a19460dc8a7b131b0c30a63a2c">View the MathML source. The uncertainty of ΔΣ is mostly due to the large uncertainty in the present determinations of the gluon helicity distribution. A new evaluation of the Bjorken sum rule based on the COMPASS results for the non-singlet structure function View the MathML source yields as ratio of the axial and vector coupling constants |gA/gV|=1.22±0.05 (stat.)±0.10 (syst.), which validates the sum rule to an accuracy of about 9%.

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