Phosphorus and potassium budget in the soil-plant system in crop rotations under no-till

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• 作者：C.A. Rosolem ; ^{rosolem@fca.unesp.br} ; J.C. Calonego
• 关键词：NT ; no-till ; AO ; organic acid
• 刊名：Soil & Tillage Research
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：January, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：126
• 期：Complete
• 页码：127-133
• 全文大小：403 K

文摘

Soil management and crop rotations can affect P and K budget in soil, decreasing losses, and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. The P and K budget in the soil-plant system at depths up to 60 cm was studied for different soil managements and crop rotations under no-till for three years in Botucatu, S?o Paulo, Brazil. The investigated crop rotations were: triticale (X Triticosecale) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cropped in autumn-winter; pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) were grown in the spring, as well as an additional treatment with chiseling followed by a fallow period; and soybean (Glycini max, L., Merril) was cropped in the summer. Each year triticale and sunflower were grown in plots and pearl millet, forage sorghum, Sunn hemp and of chisel/fallow in sub-plots. The triticale/millet rotation led to the largest decrease in available P within the 0-0.60 m layer of the soil profile and the largest K increase within the 0-0.05 m layer. Potassium mobility in the soil profile and the increases in the available K content in the 0.40-0.60 m layer were independent of the management system. Crop rotations with or without chiseling are not effective in preventing soil P losses. There is considerable K leaching below 0.60 m, but chiseling and the use of high K accumulating plants as triticale results in lower K losses.