Melting and crystallization scenarios of barium tetraborate BaB4O7 (BaO·2B2O3) are studied in situ by Raman spectroscopy. It is shown that the scenario depends on the temperature–time history of melt. Crystallization conditions of the beta modification of barium tetraborate (β-BaB4O7) from a stoichiometric glass structure BaO·2B2O3 were investigated.