Hispano-Moresque ceramic tiles from the Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha (Coimbra, Portugal)

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• 作者：Susana Coentro ; Rui A.A. Trindade ; Jos茅 Mir茫o ; Ant贸nio C ; eias ; Lu铆s C. Alves ; Rui M.C. Silva ; V芒nia S.F. Muralha
• 关键词：Artist tiles ; Hispano-Moresque ; Glaze&ndash ; ceramic interface
• 刊名：Journal of Archaeological Science
• 出版年：January, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：41
• 期：Complete
• 页码：21-28
• 全文大小：1264 K

文摘

A group of late 15th-early 16th century Hispano-Moresque glazed tiles from the Monastery of Santa Clara-a-Velha, in Coimbra, were, for the first time, characterised chemically and morphologically. Since the prevailing idea among art historians in Portugal is to judge the Hispano-Moresque tile heritage as Spanish production, the findings concerning technological processes were compared with the Islamic technology in the Iberian Peninsula and latter Hispano-Moresque in Spain. This study is the first analytical indicator of a production technology with some differences from the Hispano-Moresque workshops (such as Seville, Toledo, etc.) and points out to a possible local production. Five different coloured glazes were identified: white, blue, green, amber and black, all displaying high-lead content, as expected for this type of ceramics. Tin oxide was identified in high contents (7-14聽wt.%) in white and blue glazes, its crystals homogenously distributed in also very homogeneous glazes, showing similarities with an Islamic glazing technology. On the other hand, Ca-rich thick glaze-ceramic interfaces were observed, with many mineral inclusions (wollastonite (CaSiO₃) and also K-feldspars (general formula KAlSi₃O₈), showing a higher resemblance with a later Hispano-Moresque technology. Other compounds were also identified from reactions involving the colour compound: malayaite (CaSnOSiO₄), bustamite (CaMnSi₂O₆), braunite ((Mn²⁺, Mn³⁺)₆O₈SiO₄), andradite (Ca₃Fe₂Si₃O₁₂), magnesioferrite (MgFe₂O₄) and a nickel ferrite (NiFe₂O₄). The chemical composition of this glaze-ceramic interface suggests firing temperatures between 950聽掳C and 1000聽掳C and its thickness implies a single-fire process. The chemical characterisation does not suggest different recipes or different firing processes for cuerda seca and arista tiles.