Guidelines for the management and treatment of periodic fever syndromes: periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis syndrome

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• 作者：Maria Teresa R.A. Terreri^a ; ^{teterreri@terra.com.br" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Wanderley Marques Bernardo^b ; Claudio Arnaldo Len^a ; Clovis Artur Almeida da Silva^c ; Cristina Medeiros Ribeiro de Magalhã ; es^d ; Silvana B. Sacchetti^e ; Virgí ; nia Paes Leme Ferriani^f ; Daniela Gerent Petry Piotto^a ; André ; de Souza Cavalcanti^g ; Ana Jú ; lia Pantoja de Moraes^h ; Flavio Roberto Sztajnbokⁱ ; Sheila Knupp Feitosa de Oliveira^j ; Lucia Maria Arruda Campos^c ; Marcia Bandeira^k ; Flá ; via Patricia Sena Teixeira Santos^l ; Claudia Saad Magalhã ; es^m
• 关键词：Syndrome of periodic fever ; aphthous stomatitis ; pharyngitis ; and cervical adenitis ; Guidelines ; Childhood ; Fever ; Autoinflammatory syndromes
• 刊名：Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia (English Edition)
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January-February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：56
• 期：1
• 页码：52-57
• 全文大小：631 K

文摘

To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome.

Description of the evidence collection method

The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation.

Results

806 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 32 articles were selected to support the recommendations.

Recommendations

1. PFAPA is a diagnosis of exclusion established on clinical grounds, and one must suspect of this problem in children with recurrent and periodic febrile episodes of unknown origin, or with recurrent tonsillitis interspersed with asymptomatic periods, especially in children in good general condition and with preservation of weight and height development. 2. Laboratory findings are nonspecific. Additional tests do not reveal pathognomonic changes. 3. The evidence supporting an indication for surgical treatment (tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy), is based on two non-blinded randomized clinical trials with small numbers of patients. 4. The use of prednisone at the onset of fever in patients with PFAPA proved to be an effective strategy. There is still need for more qualified evidence to support its use in patients with PFAPA. 5. Despite promising results obtained in studies with IL-1β inhibitors, such studies are limited to a few case reports.