A case-control study consisting of 195 patients with H. pylori infection and 241 H. pylori uninfection was conducted. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotypes of TLR4Asp299Gly polymorphism were assessed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Presence of cagA was evaluated using PCR.
TLR4 (Asp299Gly) G and DG alleles frequency in H. pylori infected population was signi铿乧antly higher in the chronic gastritis group than in the chronic active gastritis group (P = 0.021; OR, 2.409; 95% CI, 1.124–5.162). Grade mononuclear (MN) infiltration in H. pylori infected patients with DG genotype of TLR-4 Asp299Gly increased significantly. CagA positivity was more frequently associated with chronic active gastritis (P = 0.017, OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.144–4.462) and grade polymorphonucler (PMN) infiltration.
TLR-4 Asp299Gly G allele substitution may be modified pattern of immune response in the gastric mucosa of H. pylori infected patients and may be H. pylori infected patients with gastritis have increased risk for the development of chronic gastritis. CagA positivity may be a risk factor for development of gastritis.