Relationship of Various Open Quotients With Acoustic Property, Phonation Types, Fundamental Frequency, and Intensity

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• 作者：Hisayuki Yokonishi^&lowast ; ; ^{yokonishi-tky@umin.ac.jp" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Hiroshi Imagawa^&lowast ; ; Ken-Ichi Sakakibara^&dagger ; ; Akihito Yamauchi^&lowast ; ; Takaharu Nito^&lowast ; ; Tatsuya Yamasoba^&lowast ; ; Niro Tayama^&Dagger ;
• 关键词：Open quotient ; Voice ; Normal ; High-speed digital imaging ; Kymography ; Kymogram ; Electroglottgraphy ; Modal ; Pressed ; Breathy ; Falsetto ; Multivariate linear regression analysis
• 刊名：Journal of Voice
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：30
• 期：2
• 页码：145-157
• 全文大小：525 K

文摘

In the present study, we examined the relationship between various open quotients (O_qs) and phonation types, fundamental frequency (F₀), and intensity by multivariate linear regression analysis (MVA) to determine which O_q best reflects vocal fold vibratory characteristics.

Methods

Using high-speed digital imaging (HSDI), a sustained vowel /e/ at different phonation types, F₀s, and intensities was recorded from six vocally healthy male volunteers: the types of phonation included modal, falsetto, modal breathy, and modal pressed phonations; and each phonation was performed at different F₀s and intensities. Electroglottography (EGG) and sound signals were simultaneously recorded with HSDI. From the obtained data, 10 conventional O_qs (four O_qs from the glottal area function, four kymographic O_qs, and two EGG-derived O_qs) and two newly introduced O_qs $\left({\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}}^{+}\mathrm{and}\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}\right)$ were evaluated. And, relationships between various O_qs and phonation types, F₀, and intensity were evaluated by MVA.

Results

Among the various O_qs, ${\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}}^{+}\mathrm{and}\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}$ revealed the strongest correlations with an acoustic property and could best describe changes in phonation types: ${\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}}^{+}$ was found to be better than $\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}$. $O_q^{\mathrm{MLK}}$, the average of five O_qs from five-line multiline kymography was a very good alternative to $\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}$. EGG-derived O_qs were able to differentiate between modal phonation and falsetto phonation, but it was necessary to consider the change of F₀ simultaneously. MVA showed the changes in O_q values between modal and other phonation types, the degree of involvement of intensity, and no relationship between F₀ and O_qs.

Conclusions

Among O_qs evaluated in this study, ${\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}}^{+}\mathrm{and}\overline{O_q^{\mathrm{edge}}}$ were considered to best reflect the vocal fold vibratory characteristics.