Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effects Scale for Clozapine 鈥?Development and validation of a clozapine-specific side-effects scale

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• 作者：Caroline Hynes^a ; ^{carolinehynes@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Dolores Keating^a ; ^{dolores.keating@sjog.ie" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Stephen McWilliams^a ; ^{stephen.mcwilliams@sjog.ie" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Kevin Madigan^b ; ^{kevin.madigan@sjog.ie" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Anthony Kinsella^b ; ^{akinsella212@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Ian Maidment^c ; ^{i.maidment@aston.ac.uk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Celia Feetam^c ; ^{celiafeetam@madasafish.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Richard J. Drake^d ; ^{richard.drake@manchester.ac.uk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Peter M. Haddad^e ; ^{peterhaddad@doctors.org.uk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Fiona Gaughran^f ; ^{fiona.1.gaughran@kcl.ac.uk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Mark Taylor^g ; ^{marktaylor2@nhs.net" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Mary Clarke^b ; ^{mary.clarke@sjog.ie" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Adverse effects ; Atypical antipsychotic agent ; Drug monitoring ; Questionnaire ; Checklist
• 刊名：Schizophrenia Research
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：October 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：168
• 期：1-2
• 页码：505-513
• 全文大小：1282 K

文摘

The authors developed and validated a clozapine-specific side-effects scale capable of eliciting the subjectively unpleasant side-effects of clozapine.

d="absSec_2">Methods

d="sp0010">Questions from the original Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effects Scale (GASS) were compared to a list of the most commonly reported clozapine side-effects and those with a significant subjective burden were included in the GASS for Clozapine (GASS-C). The original authors of the GASS and a group of mental health professionals from the UK and Ireland were enlisted to comment on the questions in the GASS-C based on their clinical experience. 110 clozapine outpatients from two sites completed the GASS-C, the original GASS and a repeat GASS-C. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows version 19.

d="absSec_3">Results

d="sp0015">The GASS-C was shown to have construct validity, in that Spearman's correlation coefficient was 0.816 (p < 0.001) with the original GASS, whilst Cohen's kappa coefficient was > 0.77 (p < 0.001) for one question and > 0.81 (p < 0.001) for remaining relevant questions. GASS-C was also shown to have strong test&ndash;retest reliability, in that Cronbach's alpha coefficient was > 0.907 (p < 0.001), whilst Cohen's kappa coefficient was > 0.81 (p < 0.001) for 12 questions and > 0.61 (p < 0.001) for the remaining four questions.

d="absSec_4">Conclusion

d="sp0020">The GASS-C is a valid and reliable clinical tool to enable a systematic assessment of the subjectively unpleasant side-effects of clozapine. Future research should focus on how the scale can be utilised as a clinical tool to improve real-world outcomes such as adherence to clozapine therapy and quality of life.