Human remains from the Austrian Gravettian: the Willendorf femoral diaphysis and mandibular symphysis

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• 作者：Teschler-Nicola ; Maria ; Trinkaus ; Erik
• 刊名：Journal of Human Evolution
• 出版年：2001
• 出版时间：June, 2001
• 年：2001
• 卷：40
• 期：6
• 页码：451-465
• 全文大小：607 K

文摘

Early excavations at the Willendorf site complex in Austria yielded a femoral diaphysis collected between 1883 and 1887 and a mandibular symphysis discovered in 1908–1909. The femoral section, Willendorf 1, derives from the Willendorf I site and direct AMS¹⁴C dating (24,250±180 years B.P.) assigns it to layer 9. The Willendorf 2 mandibular piece was excavated from layer 9 of the Willendorf II site, which is AMS¹⁴C dated to 24,000–23,900 years B.P. The Willendorf 1 femoral piece is relatively small and exhibits a pronounced pilaster and linear aspera, moderately elevated relative cortical area, and a level of diaphyseal robusticity in the middle of the European earlier Upper Paleolithic human range of variation, assuming similar body proportions. The Willendorf 2 mandibular symphysis has an inferior lingual torus, a planum alveolare, and a mental trigone with indistinct lateral tubercles, a clear fossa mentalis and a midline basilar rounding. In these features it is close to the majority of European earlier Upper Paleolithic mandibles.