Pathogenic memory Th17 cells express both IL-7 and IL-15 receptors. Neutralization of local IL-7 or IL-15 diminishes memory Th17 cells in autoimmunity. IL-7 and IL-15 maintain pathogenic memory Th17 cells via STAT5 and Akt. Targeting IL-7 and IL-15 may be useful for treating Th17 cell-mediated autoimmunity.