Surface structure and high-rate performance of spinel Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ coated with N-doped carbon as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

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• 作者：Haiquan Zhang ; Qijiu Deng ; Chengxu Mou ; Zongling Huang ; Ying Wang ; Aijun Zhou ; Jingze Li ; ^{lijingze@uestc.edu.cn} ; ^{microenergy@uestc.edu.cn}
• 关键词：Nitrogen-doped ; Carbon-coating ; Surface modification ; Lithium titanate
• 刊名：Journal of Power Sources
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：1 October, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：239
• 期：Complete
• 页码：538-545
• 全文大小：2522 K

文摘

We have reported a straightforward strategy to fabricate Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ composites coated with N-doped carbon layer by using NH₃ as N source and sugar as C source, which is a benefit for optimizing carbon layer thickness and tuning atomic ratio of N/C. The composite was synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction with ball milled mixture of TiO₂, Li₂CO₃, and sugar as the precursor, then followed by a high temperature annealing in the atmosphere of Ar and NH₃. The choice of titanium source has an impact on the Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ surface morphology as well as electrochemical properties. N-doped TiO₂ can lead to the generation of uniform N-doped C-coating layer, resulting in improved electrochemical performances at high current rate. The N-doped C-coating Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ obtained by using Anatase TiO₂ produces a serrated thin carbon layer, showing the best electrochemical behaviors with the discharge capacity of 100?mAh?g^?1 at high rate of 24?C and 92.2 % of initial capacity after 800 cycles at 12?C, which should be one of the promising anode materials for hybrid electric vehicles.