We hypothesized that pulsatile urea excretion in naïve toadfish could be triggered by waterborne cues from a conspecific Naïve fish pulse urea within 7 h when exposed to seawater that held a conspecific and 20 h in response to clean seawater Ammonia but not urea, cortisol of 5-HT could be one component of a multi-component cue Further studies are needed to fully identify the chemical cue as well as determine the adaptive significance