Best practices for blood product transfusion in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are an area of active research.

Many questions remain around safest transfusion strategies for ABO-incompatible HSCT to mitigate risks of acute or delayed hemolysis and red cell aplasia.

Strategies to prevent and treat platelet refractoriness have been extrapolated from adult transplant data, but no single solution has proven to be superior.

Further study is necessary to understand the safety and efficacy of procoagulant products and hematopoetic growth factors in the pediatric HSCT population.