Singlet oxygen generation of photosensitizers effectively activated by Nd3+-doped upconversion nanoparticles of luminescence intensity enhancing with shell thickness decreasing
The Ir/g was tuned to increase largely by precisely controlling Yb3+ concentration in core-shell. The UCL intensity of Nd3+-doped UCNPs could increase with the shell thickness decreasing. A high UCL intensity and the FRET efficiency between UCNPs and photosensitizers have been optimized simultaneously to efficiently produce 1O2.