Inpatient study examined persons dependent on short-acting opioids.
Intranasal (IN) buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) precipitated opioid withdrawal.
IN naloxone slowed the onset of buprenorphine’s opioid agonist effects.
Buprenorphine was self-administered more than BUP/NX.
IN BUP/NX has lower abuse potential and reinforcing efficacy than buprenorphine.