- 作者：Ana Carolina Sepú ; lveda-Vildó ; sola ; Yadira Betanzos-Cabrera ; Graciela Gascó ; n Lastiri ; Hugo Rivera-Má ; rquez ; Miguel Angel Villasis-Keever ; Volkmar Wanzke del Angel ; Fern ; o Cerecedo D&#
- 关键词：Pediatric cancer ; Palonosetron ; Antiemetic treatment
- 刊名：Archives of Medical Research
- 出版年：2008
- 出版时间：August 2008
- 年：2008
- 卷：39
- 期：6
- 页码：601-606
- 全文大小：126 K
Background
Emesis and nausea are common adverse effects of chemotherapy. Consequences include dehydration, acute renal failure, esophageal rupture, electrolyte imbalance and undernutrition, among others. First-generation 5-HT3 antagonists significantly reduce these symptoms but are expensive and require administration every 8–12 h. Palonosetron, a second generation 5-HT3 antagonist has proven better results in adult populations. Other benefits include a one-dose administration with effect for up to 7 days and a lower treatment cost. No clinical studies have evaluated the safety and efficacy of palonosetron in children.Methods
Prior to every course, patients were randomized to receive palonosetron or ondansetron. Patients or guardians recorded the number of emetic events and the intensity of nausea over a 7-day period. They also reported any possible adverse effects. Statistical analysis included χ2 test, relative risk, and Student's t test.
Results
Fifty courses were analyzed for each group. There was a significant reduction in emesis on the first 3 days and in the intensity of nausea in the first four days in the palonosetron group. There was an increased risk of presenting emesis and nausea in the acute phase when treated with ondansetron. No adverse effects were reported. The cost of treatment was also reduced when using palonosetron.
Conclusions
Palonosetron is a safe and effective antiemetic treatment in children, as well as being cost effective.