Standards of care are incompletely defined in recurrent glioblastoma.

The evidence for repeat surgery or reirradiation is limited.

Alkylating chemotherapy (nitrosourea, temozolomide) is a widely accepted therapeutic option.

Bevacizumab has clinical activity, but an effect on overall survival is uncertain.

Individualized treatment concepts should consider age, performance status, MGMT promoter methylation status, response to and type of previous regimens and quality of life.