Testosterone deprivation has neither additive nor synergistic effects with obesity on the cognitive impairment in orchiectomized and/or obese male rats

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• 作者：Hiranya Pintana^a ; ^b ; Wasana Pratchayasakul^a ; ^b ; Piangkwan Sa-nguanmoo^a ; ^b ; Wanpitak Pongkan^a ; ^b ; Rungroj Tawinvisan^a ; ^b ; Nipon Chattipakorn^a ; ^b ; Siriporn C. Chattipakorn^a ; ^c ; ^{scchattipakorn@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; ^{siriporn.c@cmu.ac.th" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：S ; sham-operated ; O ; bilateral orchiectomized ; ND ; normal diet ; HFD ; high fat diet ; NDS ; control-lean rats ; NDO ; ORX-lean rats ; HFS ; control-obese rats ; HFO ; ORX-obese rats ; T2DM ; type-2 diabetes mellitus ; LTD ; insulin-induced long-term depression ; CA1 ; cornus ammonis 1 ; DHT ; dihydrotestosterone ; MWM ; Morris water maze test ; OGTT ; oral glucose tolerance test ; LTP ; hippocampal synaptic long-term potentiation ; HDL ; high-density lipoprotein ; LDL ; low-density lipoprotein ; HOMA ; Homeostasis Model Ass
• 刊名：Metabolism
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：65
• 期：2
• 页码：54-67
• 全文大小：1337 K

文摘

Previous studies demonstrated a correlation between cognitive decline and either testosterone deprivation or obesity. However, the effect of obesity combined with testosterone deprivation on cognitive function has not been investigated. This study investigated the effects of obesity on brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in testosterone-deprived male rats.

Materials/Methods

Male Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated (control) and bilateral orchiectomized (ORX) groups. Rats in each group were further divided into two subgroups to receive either a normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) for 4, 8 or 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected to determine metabolic parameters. Cognitive function was tested using the Morris Water Maze Test. At the end of the study, brains were removed to investigate brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity.

Results

Both control-obese and ORX-obese rats developed peripheral insulin resistance at week eight, and brain insulin resistance as well as brain mitochondrial dysfunction at week 12. However, the ORX-obese rats developed cognitive impairment and decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity beginning at week eight, whereas the control-obese rats developed these impairments later at week 12. Although both peripheral and brain insulin resistance were not observed in both the control-lean and ORX-lean rats, impaired cognition and decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity were found in the ORX-lean rats beginning at week eight.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that testosterone deprivation has neither additive nor synergistic effects over obesity in the development of cognitive dysfunction in orchiectomized-obese male rats.