Oviduct of Rana dybowskii expands prior to hibernation.
Expression and distribution of IL-1β and IL-1R were investigated in oviducts.
IL-1β was produced in oviduct of Rana dybowskii.
IL-1β and IL-1R were correlated with the changes of oviductal weight, size and histological appearance.
IL-1β may play an autocrine or paracrine role in oviductal cell proliferation and differentiation.