Effects of smoking on arterial distensibility, central aortic pressures and left ventricular mass

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• 作者：Marcello Ricardo Paulista Markus ; Jan Stritzke ; Sebastian Edgar Baumeister ; Ulrike Siewert ; Johannes Baulmann ; Anke Hannemann ; Sabine Schipf ; Christa Meisinger ; Marcus D?rr ; Stephan Burkhart Felix ; Ulrich Keil ; Henry V?lzke ; Hans-Werner Hense ; Heribert Schunkert
• 关键词：Arterial stiffness ; Central aortic pressures ; Echocardiography ; Left ventricular hypertrophy ; Population-based study ; Smoking
• 刊名：International Journal of Cardiology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：3 October, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：168
• 期：3
• 页码：2593-2601
• 全文大小：744 K

文摘

Background

The effects of smoking on central aortic pressures and the age-related increase in left ventricular mass (LVM) are largely unknown. We studied the relationship between smoking, arterial distensibility, central aortic pressures and left ventricular mass in two population-based studies.

Methods

Data was obtained from two German population-based studies (KORA and SHIP, participants' ages 25-84 years). We identified 114 normotensive current smokers and 185 normotensive all-time non-smokers in KORA as well as 400 and 588 such individuals in SHIP. Echocardiographic LVM was obtained at baseline (T0) and follow-up after ten years (T1) in KORA and at follow-up (T1) in SHIP. Additionally, pulse-wave analysis-based central aortic pressure and augmentation index (AIx) were measured at T1 in KORA.

Results

Cross-sectional analysis, using KORA T0 and SHIP T1, revealed in both studies a higher covariate-adjusted LVM and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in smokers as compared with non-smokers. Moreover, in the KORA T1 examination, the smokers demonstrated a more pronounced increase, relative to baseline, of LVM (+ 13.5 % ) and LVMI (+ 13.4 % ) compared to non-smokers (+ 8.59 % and + 8.65 % ; p = 0.036 and 0.042, respectively). Additionally, at KORA T1 smokers had a higher central systolic blood pressure and higher AIx than non-smokers (p = 0.012 and p = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

The difference in central aortic pressure due to enhanced and more prolonged wave reflection may explain our finding of a further pronounced increase in left ventricular wall thickness and mass over time in smokers.