A new framework for understanding IRES-mediated translation

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• 作者：Anton A. Komar^a ; Barsanjit Mazumder^a ; William C. Merrick^b ; ^{wcm2@case.edu}
• 关键词：eIF ; eukaryotic initiation factor ; UTR ; untranslated region ; IRES ; internal ribosome entry site ; ORF ; open reading frame ; EMCV ; encephalomyocarditis virus ; HCV ; hepatitis C virus ; HA ; heme agglutinin ; PABP ; poly(A)-binding protein ; ITAF ; IRES trans-acting
• 刊名：Gene
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：10 July, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：502
• 期：2
• 页码：75-86
• 全文大小：853 K

文摘

Studies over the past 5 or so years have indicated that the traditional clustering of mechanisms for translation initiation in eukaryotes into cap-dependent and cap-independent (or IRES-mediated) is far too narrow. From individual studies of a number of mRNAs encoding proteins that are regulatory in nature (i.e. likely to be needed in small amounts such as transcription factors, protein kinases, etc.), it is now evident that mRNAs exist that blur these boundaries. This review seeks to set the basic ground rules for the analysis of different initiation pathways that are associated with these new mRNAs as well as related to the more traditional mechanisms, especially the cap-dependent translational process that is the major route of initiation of mRNAs for housekeeping proteins and thus, the bulk of protein synthesis in most cells. It will become apparent that a mixture of descriptions is likely to become the norm in the near future (i.e. m⁷G-assisted internal initiation).