Retrospective chart review of electronic medical records of 28 girls with PCOS (age: 16.8 ¡À 1.9 years, body mass index (BMI) Z-score 2.4 ¡À 0.4), 28 control females (age: 17.1 ¡À 1.8, BMI Z-score 2.4 ¡À 0.3) and 28 control males (age: 16.6 ¡À 1.6, BMI Z-score 2.5 ¡À 0.5) in a tertiary care centre.
The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) was higher in girls with PCOS compared to control females (16/28 (57 % ) vs. 4/28(14.3 % ), p < 0.01); however, it was comparable to that of the control males (16/28(57 % ) vs. 21/28(75 % ), p = 0.4). Girls with PCOS had a significantly higher prevalence of insulin resistance compared to control females and control males (20/28 (71.4 % ) vs. 9/22 (41.0 % ) (p = 0.04) vs. 8/23 (34.8 % ) (p = 0.01). Among girls with PCOS, those with OSA had significantly higher proportions of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (9/16 (56.3 % ) vs. 1/12 (8.3 % ) p = 0.03), higher insulin resistance (14/16 (87.5 % ) vs. 6/12 (50 % ), p = 0.04), elevated daytime systolic blood pressure (128.4 ¡À 12.8 vs. 115.6 ¡À 11.4, p < 0.01), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (38.6 ¡À 8.7 vs. 49 ¡À 10.9, p = 0.01) and elevated triglycerides (TG) (149.7 ¡À 87.7 vs. 93.3 ¡À 25.8, p = 0.03) compared to those without OSA.
We report a higher prevalence of OSA and metabolic dysfunction in a selected group of obese girls with PCOS referred with sleep-related complaints compared to BMI-matched control girls without PCOS. We also report higher prevalence of cardiometabolic dysfunction in girls with PCOS and OSA compared to girls with PCOS without OSA.