The role of barrier function, autophagy, and cytokines in maintaining intestinal homeostasis

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• 作者：Dana Elshaer^a ; ^{dana.elshaer@uq.net.au} ; Jakob Begun^a ; ^b ; ^{jakob.begun@mater.uq.edu.au}
• 关键词：IEC ; intestinal epithelial cell ; TJ ; tight junctions ; IBD ; inflammatory bowel disease ; ER ; endoplasmic reticulum ; UPR ; unfolded protein response ; CD ; Crohn&rsquo ; s disease ; IL ; Interleukin ; NOD2 ; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain&ndash ; containing protein 2 ; TLR ; Toll-like Receptor ; TNF ; tumor necrosis factor ; IFN ; Interferon ; PERK ; pancreatic ER eIF2α kinase ; IRE1α ; inositol-requiring kinase 1α ; Xbp1 ; X-box binding protein-1 ; AMP ; anti-microbial peptide
• 刊名：Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：61
• 期：Complete
• 页码：51-59
• 全文大小：1571 K
• 卷排序：61

文摘

Intestinal homeostasis is maintained through the interplay of the intestinal mucosa, local and systemic immune factors, and the microbial content of the gut. The cellular processes of autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the unfolded protein response and regulation of reactive oxygen species production are required to maintain a balance between pro-inflammatory responses against potential pathogens and a tolerogenic response towards commensal bacteria. Intestinally active cytokines regulate innate immune pathways and cellular pathways within the gut mucosa. Disruption of these processes, or alterations in the cytokine milieu, can result in an improper response to the commensal gut microbial community leading to inappropriate inflammation characteristic of conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.