Significant risk of replenishing landscape ponds by reclaimed water were identified. Great differences were observed in algae and pathogens between RW- and SW-ponds. RW-ponds showed Cyanophyta-Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta type with high algal diversity. Health risk is relatively higher in RW-ponds and viral pathogens are the main driver. Duration of RW replenishment remarkably affects algal growth and pathogen risk.