miR-181a level was increased in patients with aGVHD.
IL-2, IL-17a and IL-22 were positively related to miR-181a in aGVHD patients.
IL-13 was negatively correlated with miR-181a level in aGVHD patients.
High miR-181a level may be related to severity and poor survival rate of aGVHD.
miR-181a may be a potential biomarker for aGVHD diagnosis.